Basic Pathophysiology for Nurses

Course overview

Pathophysiology is the study of alterations in homeostasis at the cellular level, and it includes an understanding of the biophysical effects of these alterations. Homeostasis is a steady state where body functions and physiological parameters are maintained without deviation. When deviations occur, illness and disease follow. Using this as a basis for the information presented here, the pathophysiology of cellular changes and their effect on various systems is explored. How these cellular changes contribute to common diseases is also discussed, such as pneumonia, heart failure, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, diabetes, sepsis, shock, pain, and common autoimmune disorders. The following sections provide basic but critical information that nurses may use to enhance planning, intervention, and evaluation of a patient.