Red Flags: To Xray or not to Xray

Course overview

Identify non-red-flag conditions such as occipitalization, aplastic dens, block vertebrae, and cervical ribs that require radiographic detection prior to performing chiropractic manipulation. Describe how spondylolisthesis, facet tropism, and calcific tendinopathy appear on plain film and influence chiropractic manipulation and therapy strategy. Compare the imaging policies of major chiropractic stakeholders including ACA, ICA, ECCE, ACCR, BCA, and ACA-Australia regarding red-flag criteria. Evaluate the limitations of red-flag criteria, including poor diagnostic accuracy for malignancy and opposition to time-based imaging delays.