Aspiration Preventing a Deadly Complication in Vulnerable Populations

Course overview

Swallowing is a complex process that requires the coordinated action of muscles in the tongue, pharynx, and esophagus. Many conditions, such as altered mental status; gastroesophageal reflux disease; endotracheal intubation and tube feedings; or neurological problems, such as stroke, dementia, and brain injury; increase the risk for aspiration. Nurses need to work closely with other interprofessional team members (speech-language pathologists, physicians, dietitians, respiratory therapists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists) to assess and manage patients at risk for aspiration to prevent the dangerous complications of aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia. Healthcare professionals often care for patients who are at significant risk for aspiration; therefore, it is important for all healthcare professionals to recognize and manage those risk factors to protect their patients.